Home  ›  What File Extension Do Dvd Players Read

What File Extension Do Dvd Players Read

Written By الجمعة، 4 مارس 2022 Add Comment Edit

Format used to store digital video on DVD discs

DVD-Video
Current logo used as of 2001
Media type Optical disc
Capacity Up to 8.5 GB (4 hours at typical bit rates)
Standard DVD Books, Role 3, DVD-Video Book (Book B), DVD Video Recording Book[1] [2] [3]
Developedby DVD Forum
Usage Video storage
Extendedfrom LaserDisc
Video CD
Extendedto HD DVD
Blu-ray Disc
Released November one, 1996; 25 years ago  (1996-11-01) [4]

Other logo used from 1997-2001 (although some DVDs from 2001-2003 and some pirated DVDs made later on 2001 still carry this logo)

DVD-Video is a consumer video format used to store digital video on DVD discs. DVD-Video was the dominant consumer home video format in Asia, North America,[5] Europe, and Australia in the 2000s until it was supplanted by the high-definition Blu-ray Disc. Discs using the DVD-Video specification require a DVD drive and an MPEG-2 decoder (e.one thousand., a DVD player, or a computer DVD bulldoze with a software DVD player). Commercial DVD movies are encoded using a combination MPEG-2 compressed video and audio of varying formats (often multi-channel formats as described below). Typically, the data rate for DVD movies ranges from three to 9.5 Mbit/s, and the flake rate is usually adaptive. DVD-Video was first bachelor in Nippon on November 1, 1996 (with major releases beginning December 20, 1996),[four] followed past a release on March 24, 1997 in the United States—to line up with the 69th Academy Awards that same day.[6]

The DVD-Video specification was created by DVD Forum and tin be obtained from DVD Format/Logo Licensing Corporation for a fee of $five,000.[7] [viii] The specification is non publicly bachelor and every subscriber must sign a non-disclosure agreement. Certain information in the DVD Book is proprietary and confidential.[seven]

Video information [edit]

To tape digital video, DVD-Video uses either H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2 compression at up to nine.8 Mbit/s (ix,800 kbit/s) or MPEG-ane Part 2 compression at up to i.856 Mbit/s (one,856 kbit/southward). DVD-Video supports video with a bit depth of eight $.25 per color YCbCr with 4:ii:0 chroma subsampling.[9] [10]

The following formats are allowed for H.262/MPEG-2 Role two video:[11]

  • At a brandish rate of 25 frames per 2d, interlaced (commonly used in regions with 50 Hz image scanning frequency, uniform with analog PAL/SECAM):
720 × 576 pixels (same resolution every bit D-1)
704 × 576 pixels
352 × 576 pixels (same equally the China Video Disc standard)
352 × 288 pixels
  • At a display rate of 29.97 frames per 2d, interlaced (commonly used in regions with threescore Hz image scanning frequency, compatible with analog NTSC):
720 × 480 pixels (same resolution equally D-one).
704 × 480 pixels
352 × 480 pixels (aforementioned equally the Communist china Video Disc standard).
352 × 240 pixels

The post-obit formats are allowed for MPEG-ane video:

  • 352 × 288 pixels at 25 frame/southward, progressive (Same equally the VCD Standard)
  • 352 × 240 pixels at 29.97 frame/s, progressive (Same equally the VCD Standard)

Video with 4:3 frame attribute ratio is supported in all video modes. Widescreen video is supported only in D-1 resolutions.

The MPEG-1 Part 2 format does non back up interlaced video. The H.262/MPEG-two Part 2 format supports both interlaced and progressive-scan content[ clarification needed ]. Content with a frame rate different from one of the rates shown above tin can be encoded to H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2 by using pulldown. This is nigh unremarkably used to encode 23.976 frame/southward content for playback at 29.97 frame/s. Pulldown tin be implemented directly while the disc is mastered, by actually encoding the data on the disc at 29.97 frames/southward; all the same, this do is uncommon for most commercial film releases, which provide content optimized for display on progressive-scan tv sets.

Alternatively, the content tin exist encoded on the disc itself at one of several alternative frame rates, and utilise flags that identify scanning blazon, field guild and field repeating design. Such flags tin can be added in video stream by the H.262/MPEG-2 Part ii encoder. A DVD player uses these flags to convert progressive content into interlaced video in real time during playback, producing a signal suitable for interlaced Television sets. These flags also allow reproducing progressive content at their original, non-interlaced format when used with uniform DVD players and progressive-scan boob tube sets.[12] [13]

Audio data [edit]

The audio data on a DVD moving picture tin be PCM, DTS, MPEG-1 Sound Layer Two (MP2), or Dolby Digital (AC-iii) format. In countries using the PAL organization standard DVD-Video releases must contain at to the lowest degree one audio track using the PCM, MP2, or Air conditioning-3 format, and all standard PAL players must support all three of these formats. A similar standard exists in countries using the NTSC system, though with no requirement mandating the use of or support for the MP2 format. DTS sound is optional for all players, as DTS was not part of the initial draft standard and was added later on; thus, many early players are unable to play DTS audio tracks. Just PCM and DTS back up 96 kHz sampling charge per unit. Considering PCM, beingness uncompressed, requires a lot of bandwidth and DTS is not universally supported by players, AC-iii is the most mutual digital audio format for DVDs, and 96 kHz is rare on a DVD. The official immune formats for the audio tracks on a DVD-Video are:

  • PCM: 48 kHz or 96 kHz sampling rate, 16 bit or 24 bit Linear PCM, 2 to half-dozen channels, up to vi,144 kbit/s; N. B. 16-bit 48 kHz viii channel PCM is allowed by the DVD-Video specification only is not well-supported by authoring applications or players;
  • Air-conditioning-three: 48 kHz sampling rate, i to 5.1 (6) channels, up to 448 kbit/s;
  • DTS: 48 kHz or 96 kHz sampling rate; channel layouts = ii.0, ii.1, 5.0, five.one, vi.one; bitrates for two.0 and two.1 = 377.25 and 503.25 kbit/due south, bitrates for five.x and 6.1 = 754.v and 1509.75 kbit/s;[14]
  • MP2: 48 kHz sampling rate, 1 to vii.1 channels, upward to 912 kbit/s.

DVDs can incorporate more than one channel of audio to go together with the video content, supporting a maximum of eight simultaneous audio tracks per video. This is most commonly used for different sound formats—DTS 5.one, Ac-3 two.0 etc.—as well as for commentary and sound tracks in unlike languages.

Information charge per unit [edit]

DVD-Video discs accept a raw bitrate of 11.08 Mbit/south, with a 1.0 Mbit/s overhead, leaving a payload bitrate of 10.08 Mbit/s. Of this, upward to 3.36 Mbit/s tin exist used for subtitles, a maximum of 10.08 Mbit/s can be split amongst audio and video, and a maximum of ix.lxxx Mbit/due south can be used for video solitary.[15] In the case of multiple angles the data is stored interleaved, and then in that location is a bitrate penalisation leading to a max bitrate of 8 Mbit/s per angle to compensate for additional seek fourth dimension. This limit is not cumulative, so each additional angle can still have up to eight Mbit/s of bitrate available.

Professionally encoded videos average a bitrate of iv–5 Mbit/due south with a maximum of 7–8 Mbit/s in high-action scenes. Encoding at less than the max bitrate (like this) is typically washed to permit greater compatibility amongst players,[16] and to help forestall buffer underruns in the case of muddy or scratched discs

Aiming to improve flick quality over standard editions, Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment offered "Superbit"—a premium line of DVD-Video titles having boilerplate bitrates closer to half-dozen Mbit/southward. Audio quality was besides improved by the mandatory inclusion of both Dolby Digital and DTS 5.1 environs audio tracks. Multiple languages, angles, and extra audio tracks were eliminated to free upward more infinite for the main title and thereby to ensure the highest data rate possible. In Jan 2007 the Superbit line was discontinued.

Other features [edit]

Some DVD hardware or software players may play discs whose MPEG files do non conform to the above standards; commonly this is used to support discs authored with formats such as VCD and SVCD. While VCD and CVD video is supported by the DVD standard, neither SVCD video nor VCD, CVD, or SVCD sound is compatible with the DVD standard.

Some hardware players will also play DVD-ROMs or CD-ROMs containing "raw" MPEG video files; these are "unauthored" and lack the file and header structure that defines DVD-Video. Standard DVD-Video files contain actress data (such as the number of video tracks, chapters and links to extra features) that DVD players utilize to navigate the disc.

The maximum chapters allowed per championship is 99 and the maximum titles allowed per DVD is 99.

File system [edit]

Almost all DVD-Video discs employ the UDF span format, which is a combination of the DVD MicroUDF (a subset of UDF ane.02) and ISO 9660 file systems.[3] [17] [xviii] The UDF span format provides backwards compatibility for operating systems that support only ISO 9660.[17] Most DVD players read the UDF filesystem from a DVD-Video disc and ignore the ISO9660 filesystem.[19]

Directory and file construction [edit]

A DVD volume for the DVD-Video format has the following structure of directories and files:[20] [21]

Layout of files for DVD-Video

Layout of files for DVD-Video

  • AUDIO_TS directory: empty or not nowadays on DVD-Video discs; contains files only on DVD-Sound discs; it is also known equally an Audio Title Sets directory; included on DVD-Video discs for compatibility reasons
  • VIDEO_TS directory: stores all data for the DVD-Video; it is as well known as a Video Title Sets directory. This directory is required to be present on a DVD-compliant disc.
  • Video Manager (VMG) files:
    • VIDEO_TS.IFO file: the Video Managing director (VMG) information file—stores command and playback information for the entire DVD—due east.g. the First Play PGC (Programme Concatenation),[22] locations of all Video Title Sets (VTS), table of titles, number of volumes, domains for multiple languages and regional and parental control settings, information about subtitles, audio tracks, etc. This file is required to be present on a DVD-compliant disc.[23]
    • VIDEO_TS.BUP file: the fill-in copy of the VIDEO_TS.IFO file. It is function of Video Manager (VMG).
    • VIDEO_TS.VOB file: the first-play Video Object of the DVD-Video disc, usually a copyright notice or a carte du jour. Information technology is part of Video Director (VMG). This file is not required to be present on a DVD-compliant disc.
  • Video Championship Prepare (VTS) files:
    • VTS_01_0.IFO file: stores command and playback information for the Video Title Set 01—e. one thousand. information about chapters, subtitles and audio tracks. A "VTS_zz_0.IFO" file (where "zz" is from 01 to 99) is required to exist present on each VTS.[24]
    • VTS_01_0.BUP file: a backup copy of the VTS_01_0.IFO file. This file is required to exist present on a DVD-compliant disc. It is part of Video Title Set (VTS).
    • VTS_01_0.VOB file: Video Title Set 01, Video Object 0, contains the carte du jour for this title. This file is non required to be nowadays on a DVD-compliant disc.
    • VTS_01_1.VOB file: Video Title Set 01, Video Object 1, contains the video for this championship. At least 1 file "VTS_zz_1.VOB" is required in the VTS and each "VTS_zz_x". DVD-Video can contain up to 99 (1–99) titles with max 10 (0–9) VOB files each. The terminal possible VOB file is VTS_99_9.VOB.
    • ... etc.

IFO files store control and playback information—e. chiliad. information about chapters, subtitles and audio tracks. They do not store any video or audio data or subtitles.

BUP files are simply backups of the IFO files.

Domains [edit]

Data structures recorded on a DVD-compliant disc are components of one of the four data groups called domains:[25] [26] [27] [28]

  • Get-go-play (FP) – Get-go Play PGC located in the VIDEO_TS.IFO file
  • Video Managing director (VMG) – contains VIDEO_TS.IFO, VIDEO_TS.BUP and VIDEO_TS.VOB
  • Video Title Set up (VTS) – contains "VTS_zz_x.IFO", "VTS_zz_x.BUP" and "VTS_zz_x.VOB" files (where "x" is from i to 9)
  • Video Title Set Carte du jour (VTSM) – uses "VTS_zz_0.VOB" files

Container [edit]

Main article: VOB

Video, sound, subtitle and navigation streams are multiplexed and stored on a DVD-Video disc in the VOB container format (Video Object). VOB is based on the MPEG programme stream format, but with boosted limitations and specifications in the private streams.[29] [30] [31] The MPEG programme stream has provisions for not-standard data (as Air conditioning-3, DTS, LPCM or subtitles used in VOB files) in the class of and so-called private streams. VOB files are a very strict subset of the MPEG program stream standard. While all VOB files are MPEG program streams, non all MPEG program streams comply with the definition for a VOB file.[29]

DVD recorders tin use DVD-VR or DVD+VR format instead of DVD-Video. DVD-VR format shop multiplexed audiovisual content in VRO containers.[32] [33] VRO file is an equivalent to a collection of DVD-Video VOB files.[34] Fragmented VRO files are not widely supported by hardware or software players and video editing software.[32] DVD+VR standard defines a logical format for DVD-Video compliant recording on optical discs and is commonly used on DVD+R/RW media.

Subtitles [edit]

DVD-Video may likewise include up to 32 subtitle or subpicture tracks. Subtitles are commonly offered as a visual aid for deaf and hearing impaired viewers, and for translating dialog into other languages, and karaoke lyrics.[35] They are sometimes used to present boosted data near the video being played. Subtitles are stored equally bitmap images and therefore tin contain any arbitrary text or simple image. They are restricted to a 16-colour palette, but are usually implemented with a limit of 4 colors. 16 levels of transparency are also supported to allow blending, only this is too not ever implemented.[36] [35] The subtitle tracks are contained inside the VOB file of the DVD.

DVD-Video may also contain closed captioning material which can simply exist viewed on a television set with a decoder.

Chapters and angles [edit]

DVD-Video may comprise chapters for easy navigation, and continuation of a partially watched picture. If space permits, it is also possible to include several versions of sure scenes, called "angles." Today, the multi-angle feature is mostly used for internationalization. For example, it tin be used to supply different language versions of images containing written text when subtitles would not do (e. g., the Queen's spell book in Snow White, and the scrolling text in the openings of the Star Wars films). Multiple angles accept found a niche in markets such every bit yoga, erotica and live performances.

[edit]

A significant selling point of DVD-Video is that the storage capacity allows for a wide diversity of extra, or bonus, features in addition to the feature film. These extra features can include sound commentary; documentary features, commonly about the making of the main title; interviews; deleted footage; outtakes; photo galleries; storyboards; isolated music scores; trivia text commentary; uncomplicated games; film shorts; TV spots; radio spots; theatrical trailers which were used to promote the main title; and teaser trailers advertizement related movies or DVDs.

Extra features often provide entertainment or add together depth and understanding to the film. Games, bloopers, and galleries provide entertainment. Deleted scenes and culling endings permit the audience to view additional content which was non included in a theatrical release. Directors cuts permit the audience to see how the director envisioned the main championship without the constraints which are placed on a theatrical release.

Other extras that can be included on DVDs are move menus, still pictures, up to 32 selectable subtitles, seamless branching for multiple storylines, upwards to 9 photographic camera angles, and DVD-ROM / information files that tin be accessed on a computer.

Extra features require additional storage space, which oft means encoding the main title with lower than possible data rate to fit both the main championship and the extras on ane disc. Lower data charge per unit may subtract visual and audio quality, which manifests itself in various compression artifacts. To maintain quality the chief championship and the extras may be released on several discs, or the extras may be omitted completely similar in the "Superbit" line of DVDs.

Restrictions [edit]

DVD-Video has four complementary systems designed to restrict the DVD user in diverse ways: Macrovision, Content Scramble System (CSS), region codes, and disabled user operations (UOPs). At that place are also anti-ripping techniques intended to foil ripping software.

Content Scramble System [edit]

Many DVD-Video titles utilise Content Scramble System (CSS) encryption, which is intended to discourage people from copying the disc. Usually, users need to install software provided on the DVD or downloaded from the Net such as MPlayer, TotalMedia Theatre, PowerDVD, VLC or WinDVD to be able to view the disc in a estimator arrangement.

CSS does non brand information technology difficult (whatsoever more) to re-create the digital content at present that a decoder (DeCSS) has been released, nor is it possible to distinguish between legal and illegal copies of a work, only CSS does restrict the playback software that may exist used.

CSS has acquired major problems for the inclusion of DVD players in whatsoever open source operating systems, since open source role player implementations are not officially given access to the decryption keys or license to the patents involved in CSS. Proprietary software players were also difficult to observe on some platforms. However, a successful try has been made to write a decoder by contrary engineering, resulting in DeCSS. This has led to long-running legal battles and the arrest of some of those involved in creating or distributing the DeCSS code,[37] [38] through the use of the controversial U.South. Digital Millennium Copyright Human action (DMCA), on the grounds that such software could also exist used to facilitate unauthorized copying of the data on the discs. The Videolan squad, however, went on to make the libdvdcss library. Unlike DeCSS, libdvdcss can access a CSS-encrypted DVD without the need of a cracked key, thus enabling playback of such discs on opensource players without legal restraints (although DVD rippers using this library may still exist subject to restrictions).

The DMCA currently affects simply the United States, yet many other countries are signatories to the like WIPO Treaty. In some countries it is not illegal to use de-scrambling software to bypass the DVD restrictions. A number of software programs accept since appeared on the Web to view DVDs on a number of different platforms.

Other measures such every bit anti-ripping, as well as U.S. and non-U.S. copyright law, may be used to prevent making unauthorized copies of DVDs. CSS decrypting software, or ripping software, such every bit DVD Decrypter, AnyDVD, MacTheRipper, and DVD Shrink allows a disc to be copied to hard disk unscrambled. Some DeCSS applications besides remove Macrovision, region codes, and disabled user operations (UOPs).

Anti-ripping [edit]

After DeCSS ripping software became available, companies developed techniques to introduce errors in DVD-Video discs that exercise not unremarkably bear on playback and navigation of a disc, but tin can crusade problems in software that attempts to re-create the entire disc. These approaches, which are not role of the official DVD-Video specification, include Sony ARccOS Protection, Macrovision RipGuard, X-protect, ProtectDisc SecureBurn, Anaho,[39] Fortium, and others. All of these methods accept been circumvented (every bit might have been expected, since all standard DVD players naturally circumvent them to play and navigate the discs commonly). Riplock is a feature that reduces bulldoze dissonance during playback simply inadvertently reduces ripping speed.[ citation needed ]

Disabled user operations [edit]

DVD-Video allows the disc to specify whether or not the user may perform any operation, such equally selecting a menu, skipping chapters, forwarding or rewinding – essentially any function on the remote control. This is known equally User Operation Prohibitions, or Prohibited User Operations (UOPs or PUOs). Most DVD players respect these commands (e. grand., by preventing skipping or fast-forwarding through a copyright bulletin or an advertisement at the beginning of a disc). However, greyness market players ignore UOPs and some DVD "re-authoring" software packages allow the user to produce a copy without these restrictions. The legality of these activities varies by jurisdiction and is the field of study of contend. (See fair employ.)

Region codes [edit]

DVD region codes across the world

Each DVD-Video disc contains one or more than region codes, denoting the surface area(s) of the world in which distribution and playback are intended. The commercial DVD role player specification dictates that a role player must only play discs that contain its region lawmaking. In theory, this allows the motion picture studios to control the diverse aspects of a release (including content, appointment and price) on a region-past-region footing, or ensure the success of "staggered" or delayed cinema releases from state to country. For example, the British motion-picture show 28 Days After was released on DVD in Europe several months prior to the moving picture's release in North American movie theaters. Regional coding kept the European DVD unplayable for most Due north American consumers, thereby ensuring that ticket sales would be relatively unaffected.

In practice, many DVD players allow playback of whatever disc, or can be modified to do so. Entirely independent of encryption, region coding pertains to regional lockout, which originated in the video game industry.

From a worldwide perspective regional coding may be seen as a failure.[40] A huge percentage of players exterior of Due north America can be easily modified (and are even sold pre-modified by mainstream stores such as Amazon.co.u.k.) to ignore the regional codes on a disc. This, coupled with the fact that almost all televisions in Europe and Australasia are capable of displaying NTSC video (at the very least, in black and white), ways that consumers in these regions take a huge choice of discs. Contrary to popular belief, this practice is not illegal and in some countries that strongly support free trade it is encouraged.

A normal DVD histrion can merely play region-coded discs designated for the player's own item region. Nonetheless, a lawmaking-free or region-free DVD histrion is capable of playing DVDs from any of the six regions around the world.

The CSS license prohibits manufacturing of DVD players that are not set to a single region by default. While the same license prohibits manufacturers from including prominent interfaces to change the region setting it does not clearly prevent them from including "subconscious" menus that enable the player'southward region to exist changed; every bit such, many high-end models in the U.S. include password-protected or otherwise hidden methods to enable multi-region playback. Conversely in the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland and Ireland many cheap DVD players are multi-region while more expensive systems, including the majority of home cinema systems, are preset to play only region 2 discs.

In People's republic of china, DVD-Videos for television series are usually released in MPEG-ane video, with MP2 audio. By forgoing Dolby standards, manufacturers cut costs considerably; encoding in lower chip-rates besides allows a Boob tube series to be squeezed onto fewer discs. At that place is no region coding in such cases.

There are likewise two additional region codes, region 7, which is reserved, and region 8, which is used exclusively for rider transport such every bit airlines and prowl ships.

Programming interface [edit]

A virtual car implemented by the DVD player runs bytecode contained on the DVD. This is used to control playback and display special effects on the menus. The teaching set is called the Virtual Machine (VM) DVD command gear up. There are 16 general parameter registers (GPRM) to hold temporary values and 24 organisation parameters (SPRM). As a result of a moderately flexible programming interface, DVD players can be used to play games, such equally the DVD re-release of Dragon's Lair, along with more than sophisticated and advanced games such as Scene It?, all of which can be run on standard DVD players.

Players and recorders [edit]

Mod DVD recorders oftentimes support additional formats, including DVD+/-R/RW, CD-R/RW, MP3, WMA, SVCD, JPEG, PNG, SVG, KAR and MPEG-four (DivX/Xvid).[41] Some too include USB ports or flash memory readers. Player prices range from as low as Usa$20 (£ten)[ citation needed ] to equally high as U.s.$2,700 (£1,350).[ commendation needed ]

DVD drives for computers usually come up with one of two kinds of Regional Playback Command (RPC), either RPC-i or RPC-two. This is used to enforce the publisher's restrictions on what regions of the world the DVD tin can be played. (Meet Regional lockout and DVD region codes.) While open-source software DVD players let everything, commercial ones (both standalone models and software players) come farther encumbered with restrictions forbidding the viewer from skipping (or in some cases fast-forwarding) certain content such equally copyright warnings or advertisements. (Run across User operation prohibition.)

Video game systems with DVD-Video playback functionality include: Panasonic Q, PlayStation 2, PlayStation iii, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Wii (with an unsupported hack),[42] Xbox (boosted remote required), Xbox 360, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X.

Competitors and successors [edit]

In April 2000, Sonic Solutions and Ravisent announced hDVD, a high-definition extension to DVD.[43] However, hDVD failed to proceeds much popularity.

On Nov 18, 2003, the Chinese news agency Xinhua reported the final standard of the Chinese authorities-sponsored Enhanced Versatile Disc (EVD) which is another extension of standard DVD.[44] Shortly thereafter the development of the format was halted by a licensing dispute between Chinese companies and On2 Technologies, but on December 6, 2006, 20 Chinese electronic firms unveiled 54 prototype EVD players and appear their intention for the format to completely replace DVDs in China past 2008.[45] Notwithstanding, due to a lack of sales, support for EVD has recently[ when? ] been dropped by the Xinhua Bookstore in Wuhan, which was a major supporter of the format.

Blu-ray Disc and Hd DVD [edit]

Two competing high-definition (HD) optical-disc formats, Hd DVD and Blu-ray, were introduced in 2006. The Hd DVD format, promoted by Toshiba, had the backing by the DVD Forum, which voted to make it the official successor to DVD. Opposing HD DVD was the Blu-ray format, led by the Blu-ray Disc Clan, which shares many members with the DVD forum.

With Hard disk drive DVD launched in March 2006 and Blu-ray launched in June of the aforementioned twelvemonth, a format war started. Industry analysts likened the situation to the VHS/Betamax format state of war of the 1980s. At the fourth dimension of their launch, consumer awareness of either high-definition format was severely limited, with the end upshot that most consumers avoided both formats, already content with DVD. In February 2008, Toshiba capitulated, citing low demand for HD DVD and the faster growth of Blu-ray, and the inclusion of the format in the video game system PlayStation 3 (PS3), among other reasons.[46] Toshiba ended product of their Hard disk drive DVD players and discontinued promotion of the format, while the Hd DVD movie release schedule concluded by June 2008.

Afterwards HD DVD was discontinued, Blu-ray became the de facto high-definition optical disc format. Yet, sales figures propose that DVD is in no immediate danger of disappearing. All standard DVDs volition play on existing Blu-ray players, making the switch to Blu-ray much easier than the switch from VHS to DVD. Moreover, some labels are cutting back on Blu-ray Disc releases in favor of DVD-Video, claiming that depression sales exercise not justify the more expensive Blu-ray Disc format.[47] In addition, a growing number of hardware vendors are enhancing their Blu-ray players with Net connectivity for subscription-based video downloads.

Ultra HD Blu-ray is the latest version available, supporting 4K resolution content.

CBHD [edit]

China Blueish High-definition Disc (CBHD) was introduced in September 2007. This format is based on Hard disk drive DVD. While the Blu-ray format is marketed internationally, CBHDs have sold significantly in the Chinese marketplace.

See also [edit]

  • Comparison of video player software
  • DVD-VR
  • DVD+VR
  • DVD authoring
  • List of DVD authoring applications
  • Superbit
  • VR mode

References [edit]

  1. ^ DVD FLLC (2009-02) "DVD Book Construction – List of All Bachelor DVD Books". Retrieved 2009-07-24.
  2. ^ DVD FLLC "DVD Format Book – History of Supplements for DVD Books". Retrieved 2009-07-24.
  3. ^ a b MPEG.org, "DVD Books Overview". Retrieved 2009-07-24.
  4. ^ a b Taylor, Jim (March 21, 1997). "DVD Frequently Asked Questions (with answers!)". Video Discovery. Archived from the original on March 29, 1997. Retrieved Baronial 20, 2019.
  5. ^ Bakalis, Anna (June xx, 2003). "Information technology'southward Unreel: DVD Rentals Overtake Videocassettes". The Washington Times . Retrieved December 17, 2006.
  6. ^ Copeland, Jeff B. (March 23, 1997). "Oscar Day Is Also DVD 24-hour interval". E! Online. Archived from the original on April 11, 1997. Retrieved Baronial 21, 2019.
  7. ^ a b DVD FLLC (2009) "DVD Format Book". Retrieved 2009-08-xiv.
  8. ^ DVD FLLC (2009) "How to Obtain DVD Format/Logo License (2005–2009)". Retrieved 2009-08-14.
  9. ^ Clint DeBoer (April 16, 2008). "HDMI Enhanced Black Levels, xvYCC and RGB". Audioholics. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
  10. ^ "Digital Color Coding" (PDF). Telairity. Archived from the original (PDF) on Jan 7, 2014. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
  11. ^ "What is DVD?". Videohelp.com. Retrieved October 16, 2011. [ better source needed ]
  12. ^ "DVD Benchmark – Office 5 – Progressive Scan DVD".
  13. ^ "Home Theater High Fidelity: A Beautiful Mind, Review".
  14. ^ http://www.audiorents.com/library/specsheets/4_dts-cae-4_cad-4_encode-decode.pdf [ dead link ]
  15. ^ "DVD Studio Pro 4 User Transmission". apple.com. Archived from the original on January 7, 2016. Retrieved Oct 7, 2015.
  16. ^ https://documentation.apple tree.com/en/dvdstudiopro/usermanual/index.html#chapter=4%26section=6 Archived January 7, 2016, at the Wayback Motorcar "some dvd players cannot sustain loftier max bitrate" though note as well they however encode video at 8 Mbps
  17. ^ a b "DVD Demystified – What Are the Features and Speeds of DVD Drives?". Archived from the original on August 22, 2009. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  18. ^ "FreeBSD Handbook – Called-for a DVD-Video". Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  19. ^ "CDBurnerXP Help – File System". Retrieved February 27, 2011.
  20. ^ "DVD-Video Information – Video Director and Video Title Set IFO file headers". Retrieved Feb 26, 2011.
  21. ^ Douglas Dixon. "DVD Authoring Terminology". Terminology. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  22. ^ DVD-Replica Media. "First-Play PGC". Archived from the original on December 13, 2003. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  23. ^ DVD-Replica Media. "DVD Video Managing director (VMG)". Archived from the original on July 24, 2012. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  24. ^ DVD-Replica Media. "Video Title Set (VTS)". Archived from the original on January 22, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  25. ^ DVD-Replica Media. "Domains and System Space". Archived from the original on July 31, 2012. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  26. ^ MPUCoder. "Muxman MXP Files – PGC Object". Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  27. ^ Matroska. "Menu Features – DVD Bill of fare". Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  28. ^ Mediachance. "VTS, VMG and other stuff". Retrieved February 27, 2011.
  29. ^ a b "What Is a VOB File". Retrieved 2009-07-26.
  30. ^ "DVD – MPeg Differences". Retrieved 2009-07-24.
  31. ^ "Is it like shooting fish in a barrel to understand DVD format?". Archived from the original on October 24, 2001. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  32. ^ a b DVD Demystified (July xiii, 2009) "What Are .IFO, .VOB, .AOB, and .VRO files? How Tin I Play Them?" Archived July nine, 2011, at the Wayback Car. Retrieved 2009-07-28.
  33. ^ Doom9's forum (2002–2005) DVD-RAM *.VRO File Conversion, Retrieved 2009-07-28.
  34. ^ "DVD-VR Application Format Notes. Retrieved 2009-07-28.
  35. ^ a b "Subpictures". MPEG.org. Archived from the original on February 24, 2020. Retrieved November 12, 2021.
  36. ^ CinePlayer Variability Archived February 26, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Sonic.
  37. ^ "DeCSS Author Arrested". Slashdot. January 25, 2000. Retrieved June 18, 2008.
  38. ^ Warren, R. (May 3, 2000). "The Openlaw DVD/DeCSS Forum Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) List". Berkman Center for Internet & Social club, Harvard University. Retrieved June xviii, 2008.
  39. ^ "ANAHO Abode". anahoproductions.com.
  40. ^ Rubens, Paul (August 19, 2002). "Edge controls crumble in DVD state". BBC News . Retrieved July nine, 2007.
  41. ^ "DVD Recorder Formats dvdrecorderworld.com". Retrieved July 7, 2007.
  42. ^ Keller, Mike (Jan xix, 2009). "Hack: How to Play DVD Movies on Your Nintendo Wii". The Washington Post . Retrieved Feb xv, 2010.
  43. ^ "Sonic Solutions ships New hDVD Format". CDRInfo. April 18, 2000. Retrieved Dec 17, 2006.
  44. ^ "Chinese Companies Tackling Intellectual Property Rights Issues". WorldWatch Constitute. Apr 18, 2000. Retrieved May 16, 2007.
  45. ^ "Chinese companies unveil video players with homegrown DVD applied science". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Dec 6, 2006. Archived from the original on January 15, 2013. Retrieved May sixteen, 2007.
  46. ^ "Eastward-commerce and Vídeo Distribution:DVD and Blu-ray".
  47. ^ Lambert, David (Oct 14, 2014). "The Americans – Play tricks Announces DVDs for 'The Complete 2nd Flavour'". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Archived from the original on December 7, 2014. Retrieved November 16, 2014.

External links [edit]

  • DVD-Video information including virtual machine educational activity set information.

websteradder1944.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD-Video

0 Response to "What File Extension Do Dvd Players Read"

إرسال تعليق

الاشتراك في: تعليقات الرسالة (Atom)

Iklan Atas Artikel

Iklan Tengah Artikel 1

Iklan Tengah Artikel 2

Iklan Bawah Artikel